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Orangutans (Pongo spp.) Fact Sheet: Bibliography & Resources

Bibliography

Ancrenaz M, Gumal M, Marshall AJ, Meijaard E, Wich SA, Husson S. 2016. Pongo pygmaeus (errata version published in 2018). The IUCN red list of threatened species [Internet]. Version 2019.1; e.T17975A123809220. [species assessed 2016 Feb 08; page accessed 2019 Jul 09]. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T17975A17966347.en

AZA. 2023. Species Survival Statistics [data table report]. Chicago (IL): Lincoln Park Zoo/AZA Population Management Center; [accessed 2023 Apr 18]. https://www.aza.org/species-survival-statistics.

Benirschke, K. 2002. Orangutans, Pongo pygmaeus and Pongo abelii. <http://medicine.ucsd.edu/cpa/oran.html>. Accessed July 1, 2003.

Brandon-Jones, D., , A., Geissmann, T., Groves, C., Melnick, D., Morales, J., Shekelle, M., Stewart, C.-B., 2004. Asian primate classification . International Journal of Primatology 25, 97-162.

Chaimanee, Y. et al.  2003. A middle Miocene hominoid from Thailand and orangutan origins, Nature 422(March):61-65.

Courtenay, J., Groves, C., Andrews, P., 1988. Inter- or intra-island variation? An assessment of the differences between Bornean and Sumatran Orangutans.In: Schwartz, J.H. (Ed.), Orang-utan Biology. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 19-29.

Debnar, L. 2002. Plight of the red ape: Time is running out. Zoonooz, LXXV(2):20-24.

Delgado, R.A., and C.P. van Schaik. 2000. The behavioral ecology and conservation of the orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus): a tale of two islands. Evolutionary Anthropology, 9(5):201-218.

Fleagle, J.G. 1999. Primate Adaptation and Evolution. San Diego: Academic Press.

Fleagle, J.G.  2000. The century of the past: one hundred years in the study of primate evolution. Evolutionary Anthropology, 9(2):87-100.

Galdikas, B.M.F. 1979. Orangutan adaptation at Tanjung Puting Reserve: mating and ecology. In: D.A. Hamburg, and E.R. McCown eds. The Great Apes:Perspectives on Human Evolution, pp. 195-233. Menlo Park: Benjamin/Cummings.

Galdikas, B.M.F. 1981. Orangutan sexuality in the wild. In: C.E. Graham ed. Reproductive Biology of the Great Apes: Comparative and Biomedical Perspectives on Human Evolution, pp. 281-300. New York: Academic Press.

Galdikas, B.M.F.  1984. Orangutan sociality at Tanjung Puting. American Journal of Primatology, 9:101-119.

Galdikas, B.M.F. 1995. Behavior of wild adolescent female orangutans. In: R.D. Nadler, et al. eds. The Neglected Ape, pp.97-107. New York:Plenum Press.

Grehan J.R., and J.H. Schwartz 2009. Evolution of the second orangutan: phylogeny and biogeography of hominid origins. Journal of Biogeography 36:1823-1844.

Groves, C.P. 1971. Pongo pygmaeus. Mammalian Species, (4):1-6.

Groves, C.P., 2001. Primate Taxonomy. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Hutchins, M., et al., 2001. Rights or welfare: a response to the great ape project. In: B.B. Beck et al., eds. Great Apes and Humans. The Ethics of Coexistence, pp. 57-70. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Kaplan, G., and L. Rogers. 1994. Orang-utans in Borneo. Armidale, Australia: University of New England Press.

Knox A, Markx J, How E, Azis A, Hobaiter C, van Veen FJF, Morrogh-Bernard H. 2019. Gesture use in communication between mothers and offspring in wild orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) from the Sabangau Peat-swamp Forest, Borneo. Int J Primatol. 40(3):393–416. doi:10.1007/s10764-019-00095-w.
 
Kuswanda W, Alikodra HS, Margules C, Supriatna J. 2021. The estimation of demographic parameters and a growth model for Tapanuli orangutan in the Batang Toru Landscape, South Tapanuli Regency, Indonesia. Global Ecology and Conservation. 31:e01832. doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01832.
 

Lehtonen S. I.E. Saaksiarvi, Ruokolainen, Tuomisto H. 2011. Who is the closest extant coussin of humans? Total-evidence approach to hominid phylogenetics via simultaneous optimization. Journal of Biogeography 38:805-808. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02354.x/full

Leighton, M. et al. 1995. Orangutan life history and vortex analysis. In: R.D. Nadler, et al. eds. The Neglected Ape, pp.97-107. New York:Plenum Press.

Maple, T.L.  1980. Orang-utan Behavior. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.

Muir, C.C., B.M. Galdikas, and A.T. Beckenbach. 1998. Is there sufficient evidence to elevate the orangutan of Borneo and Sumatra to separate species? Journal of Molecular Evolution. 46(4):378-379.

Muir, C.C., B.M. Galdikas, and A.T. Beckenbach. 2000. mtDNA sequence diversity of orangutans from islands of Borneo and Sumatra. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 51(5):471-480.

Nadler, R.D. 1988. Sexual and reproductive behavior. In: J.H. Schwartz ed. Orang-utan Biology, pp. 105-116. New York: Oxford University Press.

Nater A, Mattle-Greminger MP, Nurcahyo A, Nowak MG, de Manuel M, Desai T, Groves C, Pybus M, Sonay TB, Roos C, et al. 2017. Morphometric, behavioral, and genomic evidence for a new orangutan species. Curr. Biol. 27:3487–3498.e10. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.047.

Nowak MG, Rianti P, Wich SA, Meijaard E, Fredriksson G. 2017. Pongo tapanuliensis. The IUCN red list of threatened species [Internet]. Version 2017.3; e.T120588639A120588662 [species assessed 2017 Oct 11; page accessed 2017 December 20]. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T120588639A120588662.en.

Rijksen, H.D. 1978. A field study on Sumatran orang utans  (Pongo pygmaeus abelii Lesson 1827), Wageningen, Nederland: H. Veenman & Zonen.

Rijksen, H.D. 2001. Conservation of Indonesian Orangutans. In: B.B. Beck et al., eds. Great Apes and Humans. The Ethics of Coexistence, pp. 57-70. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Rijksen, H.D., and E. Meijaard. 1999. Our Vanishing Relative. The Status of Wild Orang-utans at the close of the Twentieth Century. Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Rijksen, H. D., Ramono, W., Sugardijito, J., Lelana, A., Leighton, M., Jkaresh, W., Shapiro, G., Seal, U. S., Traylor-Holzer, K. and Tilson, R. 1995. Estimates of orang-utan distribution and status in Borneo. In: R. D. Nadler, B. F. M. Galdikas, L. K. Sheeran and N. Rosen (eds), The Neglected Ape, pp. 117-122. Plenum Press, New York, USA.

Rodman, P.S. 1977. Feeding behavior of orang-utans of the Kutai Nature Reserve, East Kalimantan. In: T.H. Clutton-Brock, ed. Primate Behaviour: Studies of Feeding  and Ranging Behaviour in Lemurs, Monkeys, and Apes,  pp. 383-413. London: Academic Press.

Singleton I., S. Wich, S. Huisson, S. Stephens, S. Utami, et al. (Eds.). 2004.Orangutan Population and habitat viability assessment.Final Report. Apple Valley, Minnesota: IUCN SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group. Retrieved June 1, 2012 from: http://www.cbsg.org/cbsg/workshopreports/23/orangutanphva04_final_report.pdf

Singleton I, S.A. Wich, M. Griffiths. 2008. Pongo abelii. In: IUCN red list of threatened species. Version 2011.2 Retrieved 1 June 2012 from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/39780/0

Singleton I, Wich SA, Nowak M, Usher G, Utami-Atmoko SS. 2017. Pongo abelii. The IUCN red list of threatened species [Internet]. Version 2017.3; e.T121097935A115575085 [species assessed 2017 Oct 16; page accessed 2017 Dec 20]. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T121097935A115575085.en.

Singleton I, Wich SA, Nowak M, Usher G, Utami-Atmoko SS. 2017 (errata version published in 2018) Pongo abelii . The IUCN red list of threatened species [Internet]. Version 2019.1; e.T121097935A123797627 [species assessed 2017 Oct 16; page accessed 2019 Jul 02]. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T121097935A115575085.en

Smits, W.T.M., Heriyanto, and W.S. Ramono. 1995. A new method for rehabilitation of orangutans in Indonesia. In: R.D. Nadler, et al. eds. The Neglected Ape, pp.69-77. New York:Plenum Press.

Tuttle, R.H. 1986. Apes of the World. Park Ridge, NJ: Noyes Publications.

Tuttle, R.H. 2001. Phylogenies, fossils, and feelings. In: B.B. Beck et al., eds. Great Apes and Humans. The Ethics of Coexistence, pp. 178-190. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Tuttle, R.H. and G.W. Cortright. 1988. Positional behavior, adaptive complexes, and evolution. In: J.H. Schwartz ed. Orang-utan Biology, pp. 311-330. New York: Oxford University Press.

UNEP. 2019. Species+: Pongo abelii [online database]. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP [compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK]. [accessed 2019 Jul 09]. https://speciesplus.net/species#/taxon_concepts/8203/legal

UNEP. 2019. Species+: Pongo pygmaeus [online database]. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP [compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK]. [accessed 2019 Jul 09]. https://speciesplus.net/species#/taxon_concepts/7106/legal

UNEP. 2019. Species+ [online database]. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP [compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK]. [accessed 2019 Jul 09].  https://speciesplus.net/species.

Utami, S.S. B. Goossens, M.W. Bruford, J.R de Ruiter, J. A.R.A. M. van Hooff. 2002. Male bimaturism and reproductive success in Sumatran orang-utans. Behavioral Ecology 13(5):643-652.

van Hooff, J. 1995. The orangutan: a social outsider. A socio-ecological test case. In: R.D. Nadler, et al. eds. The Neglected Ape, pp.153-162. New York:Plenum Press.

van Schaik, C.P., et al.  2003. Orangutan cultures and the evolution of material culture. Science, January 3:102-105.

van Schaik, C.P., A. Priatna, and D. Priatna. 1995. Population estimates and habitat preferences of orangutans based on line transects of nests. In: R.D. Nadler, et al. eds. The Neglected Ape, pp.129-147. New York:Plenum Press.

Warren K.S. et al. 2001. Speciation and intrasubspecific variation of Bornean orangutans, Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18:472-480.

Wich, S.A., S.S. Utami-Atmoko, T.M. Setia, H.D. Rijksen et al. 2004. Life history of wild Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) Journal of Human Evolution 47:385-398.

Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder (eds). 1993. Mammal Species of the World. Washington, D.C.:Smithsonian Institution Press.

Xu, X., and U. Arnason. 1996. The mitochondrial DNA molecule of Sumatran orangutan and a molecular proposal for two (Bornean and Sumatran) species of orangutan. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 43(5):431-437.

Zhang, Y.W., O.A. Ryder, and Y.P. Zhang. 2001.  Genetic divergence of orangutan subspecies (Pongo pygmaeus). Journal of Molecular Evolution, 52(6):516-526.


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Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus, Pongo abelii)

an orangutan

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