Population estimates
(Aune et al. 2017)
History
IUCN
CITES
Endangered Species Act
Buffalo skulls to be used for fertilizer and charcoal. Michigan Carbon Works, USA, circa 1870.
Image credit: Unknown artist. Burton Historical Collection at the Detroit Public Library; made available thru Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
Note: This is a retouched historical image.
Grizmek (1990)
Halbert & Derr (2007)
Lott (2002)
Marris (2009)
McDonald (1981)
Nowak (1999)